Gynaecological Laparoscopy

Conditions where it may be used

• Ovarian cysts and some ovarian masses
• Fibroids, in selected cases (laparoscopic myomectomy)
• Endometriosis — for diagnosis and treatment of deposits or adhesions
• Chronic pelvic pain when the cause is unclear
• Ectopic pregnancy
• Assessment of the fallopian tubes as part of a fertility work-up
• Some hysterectomies and sterilisation procedures

Whether laparoscopy is appropriate depends on your diagnosis, symptoms, findings on ultrasound or other imaging, plans for future pregnancy, and your overall health. Your gynaecologist will discuss the alternatives, which may include medicines, observation or open surgery.

How the procedure works

It is usually done under general anaesthesia. Small cuts are made, gas is used to create space, and a camera allows the surgeon to inspect the pelvic organs. Instruments are used through further small cuts to remove a cyst, treat endometriosis, repair or remove tissue, or take samples. In some fertility investigations a dye may be passed through the uterus to check whether the tubes are open.

Recovery in general terms

• Many diagnostic and simple therapeutic procedures are day-care or one-night stays; more complex surgery needs longer.
• Cramping, bloating, shoulder-tip pain and light vaginal bleeding or discharge can occur for a few days.
• Advice about tampons, intercourse, exercise and returning to work should come from your treating team, as it varies with the procedure.

Risks to discuss with your gynaecologist

In addition to the general risks on our risks page, specific considerations can include bleeding, infection, injury to the bladder, ureters, bowel or blood vessels, adhesion formation, effects on ovarian tissue when cysts are removed, and the possibility that findings during surgery change the planned procedure. Ask what the surgery may mean for your symptoms and, if relevant, for future fertility.

See the patient guide for preparation, questions to ask, and warning signs, and the cost page for how charges are usually structured.